Revised: Wednesday, January 11, 2012 

If your Pap test result is abnormal, your health care provider will review your screening history and any other medical conditions you may have to decide what should happen next.

The following procedures may be recommended:

Repeat Pap test

This is the most common follow-up for mildly abnormal cervical cells. Most mildly abnormal cervical cells will go away on their own with time. To monitor the changes in the cells, Pap tests are repeated every six months for two years.

Colposcopy

A colposcopy is a procedure done by a specialist. It is similar to a Pap test, except a special microscope called a colposcope is used to examine your cervix more closely.

If you need a colposcopy, your health care provider will refer you to a colposcopy clinic in your area

Preparing for colposcopy is similar to preparing for a Pap test. Colposcopy should not be done during your period. Avoid sex, douching or using treatments, lubricants or foam inside your vagina for 48 hours prior to your appointment.

For the procedure, you will be asked to lie on your back as you would for a Pap test. As with a Pap test, an instrument called a speculum will be gently inserted into your vagina for a clear view of the cervix. Next, one or two liquids may be applied to the cervix to highlight any abnormal areas.

If no abnormalities are found during the colposcopy, you will be advised to have a follow up Pap test. If an area of concern is found, a cervical biopsy will be taken to help decide if treatment is needed or not.

Cervical Biopsy

A cervical biopsy is a procedure done with colposcopy to take a small sample of tissue from the area of concern on the cervix. Most women only feel a slight pinch when the biopsy is taken. The tissue sample is sent to the laboratory where it is examined under a microscope. A report is sent to your specialist, who will contact you to discuss what needs to happen next.

Click for more information on biopsy results and treatment of abnormal cells.