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  • Anus
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work Up
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options by Stage
    • 7. Follow Up
  • Appendix
    • Disclaimer
    • Appendix
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Incidence and Histologic Subtypes
    • 3. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
    • 4. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 5. Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC)
    • 6. Pathology
    • 7. Staging
    • 8. Treatment Options
    • 9. Follow Up and Surveillance
  • Bile Duct
    • Disclaimer
    • Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
      • 1. Screening
      • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Workup
      • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
      • 4. Pathology
      • 5. Staging
      • 6. Treatment Options
      • 7. Follow-Up
    • Intrahepatic (Peripheral) Cholangiocarcinoma
      • 1. Screening
      • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Workup
      • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
      • 4. Pathology
      • 5. Staging
      • 6. Treatment Options
      • 7. Follow-Up
  • Bladder
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 2. Screening/Early Detection
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
      • 1. Superficial Bladder Cancer (T1s, Ta, T1)
      • 2. Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (Stage T2a)
      • 3. Deep Muscle Invasion (T2b), Perivesical Fat (T3), or Prostate Glandular Involvement (T4a)
      • 4. Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer (T4b)
      • 5. Metastatic Bladder Cancer
      • 6. Less Common Histologies
      • References
  • Breast
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Demographics and Risk Factors
    • 2. Prevention
    • 3. Screening/Early Detection
    • 4. Diagnosis
      • 4.2 MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
      • 4.3 Diagnostic Pathology
      • 4.4 Pathology Reporting for Breast Cancer
        • Breast Cancer Pathology Reporting Checklist
        • BC Cancer Pathology Reviews
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Management
      • 6.1.0 Introduction
      • 6.2.0 In Situ Disease
      • 6.3.0 Early Invasive Breast Cancer (T1T2NON1: T3N0)
      • 6.4.0 Stage I or II Tumours with Muscle but Not Chest Wall Fixation
      • 6.5.0 Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (T3N1: Any T4: Any N2N3M0)
      • 6.6.0 Inflammatory Breast Cancer
      • 6.7.0 Neoadjuvant Therapy
      • 6.8.0 Locoregional reoccurance
      • 6.9.0 Metastatic Breast Cancer
      • 6.10. Radiation Therapy
      • 6.11. Special Circumstances
    • 7. Survivorship Care
      • 7.1 Follow-up Care
      • 7.2 Other Post-treatment Issues
  • Colon
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work Up
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options by Stage Based on Current Evidence
    • 6a. Liver Limited Metastatic Colorectal
    • 7. Follow Up and Surveillance of Colon Cancer Patients Treated with Curative Intent
    • 8. Appendix - Colorectal Cancer Care Map for Physicians
  • Endometrium
    • Disclaimer
    • Endometrium
    • 1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 2. Screening/Early Detection
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
    • 6. Follow-up
  • Esophageal & Esophagogastric Junction
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options by Stage
    • 7. Follow-up
  • Fallopian Tube
    • Disclaimer
    • Fallopian Tube
    • Staging
    • Management
  • Gallbladder
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Workup
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options
    • 7. Follow-up
  • Gastrointestinal
    • Patient Resources
    • Referral Information for the New Patient Visit
    • Fluorouracil Overdose
    • Members
  • Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia
    • Disclaimer
    • Diagnosis
    • Management
    • Follow-up
  • Gynecological Sarcomas
    • Disclaimer
    • Gynecological Sarcomas
    • 1. Staging
    • 2. Management
    • 3. Follow Up
  • Head & Neck
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Tumor Site/Type Demographics
    • 2. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 3. Screening/Early Detection
    • 4. Diagnosis
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Management
      • 6.1 Chemotherapy
      • 6.2 Radiotherapy Techniques
      • 6.3 Radiation Reactions
      • 6.4 General Principles of Treatment
      • 6.5 Lip
      • 6.6 Oral Cavity
      • 6.7 Oropharynx
      • 6.8 Nasopharynx
      • 6.9 Other Tumours
      • 6.10 Hypopharynx
      • 6.11 Larynx
      • 6.12 Nasal Cavity & Paranasal Sinuses
      • 6.13 Salivary Gland
      • 6.14 External Auditory Canal & Middle Ear
      • 6.15 Thyroid Malignancies
      • 6.16 Thyroid Cancer in Children
    • 7. Follow-up
  • Kidney
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 2. Screening/Early Detection
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
      • Follow-up
  • Leukemia
    • Leukemia
  • Liver
    • Disclaimer
    • Liver Primary - Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic Work-Up
    • 3. Staging
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Treatment Modalities in HCC
    • 6. Treatment Options by Stage
    • 7. Fibrolamellar Carcinoma
    • 8. Follow-up
  • Lung
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Tumour Site/ Type Demographics
    • 2. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 3. Screening / Early Detection
    • 4. Diagnosis
    • 5. Staging
      • Investigations for Staging
    • 6. Management
      • 6.1 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
        • 1. Resectable NSCLC
        • 2. Surgical Treatment of Stage I-IIIA
        • 3. Adjuvant Radical Radiotherapy Following Surgical Resection
        • 4. Post-operative Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Resected NSCLC
        • 5. Radical Radiotherapy for Potentially Resectable but Inoperable T1, T2, N0, M0
        • 6. Treatment of Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
        • 7. Patient Selection for Combined Modality Therapy
        • 8. Chemotherapy in Combined Modality Regimens
        • 9. Thoracic Radiotherapy In Combined Modality Therapy
        • 10. Thoracic Radiotherapy Alone in Stage III
        • 11. Advanced NSCLC Treated with Palliative Intent
        • 12. Palliative Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced and Metastatic NSCLC
        • 13. Palliative Chemotherapy of Advanced NSCLC
        • 13a. Systemic Therapy for EGFR Mutation Positive Nonsquamous NSCLC
        • 13b. Systemic Therapy for ALK Rearranged Nonsquamous NSCLC
        • 13c. Systemic Therapy for Advanced NSCLC Without Actionable Driver Mutations
        • 13d. Elderly Patients and Patients with Poor Performance Status
        • 14. Endobronchial Therapy
        • 15. Management of Pleural Effusion
        • 16. Pre-operative Radical Radiotherapy
      • 6.2 Small Cell Lung Cancer
        • 6.2.1 Limited Stage Disease
          • 1. Thoracic Irradiation for Limited SCLC
          • 2. Standard Regimens for Fit Patients with Limited SCLC
          • 3. Alternative Chemo Regimens for Frail or Elderly Patients with Limited SCLC
          • 4. Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation
          • 5. Supportive Care
          • 6. Restaging after Induction Therapy in Limited SCLC
          • 7. Surgery in Limited SCLC
        • 6.2.2 Extensive Stage SCLC
        • 6.2.3 Salvage Therapy for Relapsed SCLC Patients
        • 6.2.4 Targeted Therapy for Small Cell Lung Cancer
      • 6.3 Follow-up Practice Guidelines
  • Melanoma
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Melanoma Incidence, Demographics, Predisposing Factors and Prevention
    • 2. Potential Precursors of Melanoma
    • 3. Surveillance and Early Detection in High Risk Patients
    • 4. Diagnosis
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Management
      • 6.1 Melanoma Precursors
      • 6.2 Biopsy Proven Malignant Melanoma
      • 6.3 Recurrent and/or Metastatic Disease
      • 6.4 Follow-up
    • Referral Info for the New Patient
  • Mesothelioma
    • Disclaimer
    • Mesothelioma
    • 1. Demographics
    • 2. Predisposing Factors / Prevention
    • 3. Screening / Early Detection
    • 4. Diagnosis
    • 5. Staging (Mesothelioma)
    • 6. Management
  • Miscellaneous Genitourinary Tumours
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Penis
    • 2. Scrotum
    • 3. Renal Pelvis and Ureter
    • 4. Female Urethra
    • 5. Male Urethra
  • Musculoskeletal & Sarcoma
    • Overview
  • Neuroendocrine Tumours
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Non-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours
    • 2. Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours
    • c. Follow-up of Neuroendocrine Tumours
  • Neuro-Oncology
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Tumour Site / Type Demographics
    • 2. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
      • Stereotactic Radiation Therapy (SRT)
      • 5.1 Low Grade Astrocytoma
      • 5.2 Malignant Astrocytoma
      • 5.3 Oligodendroglioma
      • 5.4 Ependymoma in Adults
      • 5.5 Tumours of the Pituitary Gland
      • 5.6 Meningioma
      • 5.7 Medulloblastoma
      • 5.8 Tumours of Pineal Parenchyma
      • 5.9 Tumours of Maldevelopmental Origin
      • 5.10 Schwannoma
      • 5.11 Ganglion Cell Tumours
      • 5.12 Choroid Plexus Papilloma and Carcinoma
      • 5.13 Tumours of Vascular Origin
      • 5.14 Spinal Tumours
      • 5.15 Cerebral Metastasis
        • Management of Recurrent or Metastatic Disease
        • Malignant Astrocytomas
        • Low grade astrocytomas
        • Oligodendrogliomas and Mixed Oligoastrocytomas
        • Meningiomas
        • Uncommon adult brain tumours
        • Palliation
      • 5.16 Recurrent or Metastatic Disease
        • Low Astrocytomas
        • Malignant Astrocytomas
        • Meningiomas
        • Oligodendrogliomas and Mixed Oligoastrocytomas
      • 5.17 Palliation
    • 6. Follow Up
      • 6.1 Gliomas
      • 6.2 Tumours of Meninges
      • 6.3 Tumours of the Pituitary Gland
      • 6.4 Pineal Tumours
      • 6.5 Medulloblastoma
      • 6.6 Spinal Cord Tumours
      • 6.7 Solitary Cerebral Metastasis
  • Non-Melanoma
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Predisposing Factors / Prevention
    • 2. Staging
    • 3. Management Policies
      • 1. Basal Cell Carcinoma
      • 2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
      • 3. Keratoacanthomas
      • 4. Merkel Cell Tumour
      • 5. Kaposi's Sarcoma Classical
      • 6. Other Skin Cancers
      • 7. Extramammary Paget's Disease
      • Chemotherapy
      • Cryotherapy
      • Surgery
      • Imiquimod
      • Radiation Therapy
      • Follow-up
    • Referral Info for the New Patient Visit
  • Oral & Dental Care
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Oral/Dental Care
    • 1.1 Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
    • 1.2 Patients Prior to Chemotherapy
    • 1.3 Patients During Chemotherapy
    • 1.4 Oral Manifestations of Radiation Therapy to the Head & Neck
    • 1.5 Radiation Therapy - Evaluation and Treatment Plan
    • 1.6 Patients During Radiation Therapy
    • 1.7 Patients Following Radiation Therapy
    • 1.8 Patients Receiving Bone Marrow Transplantation
    • 1.9 Patients Following Bone Marrow Transplantation
    • 1.10 Additional Oral Management Measures
    • 1.11 Oral Care Products and Resources
    • 1.12 Prosthetic Care and Rehabilitation
    • 1.13 How will radiation affect my teeth?
    • 1.14 References
    • 1.15 Guideline for Early Detection of Oral Cancer
  • Other Gastric Malignancies
    • Other Gastric Malignancies
  • Ovary - Epithelial Carcinoma
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Background
    • 2. Histological Classification of Ovarian Carcinoma
    • 3. Diagnosis, Staging and Surgery
    • 4. Medical Management of High Grade Ovarian Cancers
    • 5. Subtype Specific Medical Management
    • 6. Management of Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma (STIC)
    • 7. Borderline Ovarian Tumors/Tumours of Low Malignant Potential
    • 8. Allergy and Poor Treatment Tolerance
    • 9. Palliative Considerations
    • 10. Hereditary Cancer Syndromes: Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome (BRCA1/2) and Lynch Syndrome
    • 11. Estrogen Replacement Therapy
    • 12. Follow-up/Surveillance
    • 13. References
  • Ovary - Non-Epithelial Carcinoma
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Diagnosis & Staging
    • 2. Management & Follow-up
    • 3. Pathologic Classification
  • Pancreas
    • Disclaimer
    • Pancreas
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work Up
    • 2.1 Biliary Decompression
    • 3. Primary Surgical
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options
    • 7. Follow Up
  • Primary Unknown
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Tumour Site/Type Demographics
    • 2. Diagnosis
    • 3. Staging
    • 4. Management
  • Prostate
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Predisposing Factors & Prevention
    • 2. Screening & Early Detection
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
      • 5.1 Low Risk
      • 5.2 Intermediate Risk
      • 5.3 High Risk
      • Systemic Management of Prostate Cancer
        • Chemotherapy
        • Indications for Antiandrogen Use
        • Medical Castration
        • Palliative Radiation Therapy or Surgery
        • Radionuclide Therapy for Hormone Resistant Metastatic Disease
        • Surgical Castration
        • Zoledronic Acid
      • Follow-up
        • Definitions of Biochemical Relapse
        • Post-Radical Prostatectomy
        • Post-Radical Radiotherapy
    • Brachytherapy Guidelines
    • HIFU
    • Osteoporosis Screening Guidelines
      • Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
      • Hypogonadism Effects
      • Systematic Review of Bone Mineral Density Loss & Fracture Risk in Androgen Ablation
      • Prevention
      • Treatment: bisphosphonates
      • Costs and Payment Issues
      • Monitoring Change in BMD/ Osteoporosis
      • Referrals to Other Physicians
      • References
      • Guidelines for the Prevention of Osteoporosis for Men with Prostate Cancer
      • Appendix 1
      • Committee Members
    • PSA Screening
      • 1. Prostate Cancer is a Common Disease and Cause of Morbidity and Mortality
      • 2. Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
      • 3. Evidence Supporting PSA Testing
      • Patient Information Document
      • Recommendations
      • References
  • Rectum
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options by Stage
    • 6a. Liver Limited Metastatic Colorectal
    • 7. Follow-up and Surveillance of Rectal Cancer Patients Treated with Curative Intent
    • 8. Appendix - Colorectal Cancer Care Map for Physicians
  • Skin Cancer Prevention & Early Diagnosis Courses
    • 1.0 Introduction
    • 2.0 Outline of Courses
    • 3.0 Course Readings
      • Skin Cancer Prevention Readings
        • Sunlight Exposure: Basal Cell Carcinoma
        • Sunlight Exposure: Squamous Cell Carcinoma
        • Sunscreens: Use and Misuse
        • The Epidemiology of Acquired Melanocytic Nevi: A Brief Review
        • Epidemiology of Skin Cancer
        • Carcinogenesis
        • Examining the Skin
        • Risk Factors
        • Family Risk
        • Follow-up Examinations
        • Sun Avoidance in High Risk Patients
        • Sunscreens, Sun Avoidance and Clothing
        • Genetic Counselling
          • Actinic Keratosis
          • Dysplastic Leukoplakia
          • Congenital Nevi
          • Dysplastic (Atypical) Nevus
          • Lentigo Maligna
          • Subungual Melanoma
        • Optional - Tips to Help Physicians Discuss Skin Cancer Prevention with Patients
        • The End
      • Skin Cancer Early Diagnosis Readings
        • The Epidemiology of Acquired Melanocytic Nevi: A Brief Review
        • Examining the Skin
        • Biopsy
        • Family Risk
        • Follow-up Examinations
        • Sun Avoidance in High Risk Patients
        • Actinic Keratosis
        • Dysplastic Leukoplakia
        • Squamous Carcinoma
        • Basal Cell Carcinoma
        • Congenital Nevi
        • Dysplastic (Atypical) Nevus
        • Superficial Spreading Melanoma
        • Nodular Melanoma
        • Lentigo Maligna and Lentigo Malignant Melanoma
        • Subungual Melanoma
        • Palmoplantar Melanoma
        • Mucosal Melanoma
        • Spitz Nevus
        • The End
    • 4.0 Quiz Overview
    • 5.0 Taking the Quizzes
  • Small Bowel Malignancies
    • Disclaimer
    • Small Bowel Malignancies
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options
    • 7. Follow-Up and Surveillance
  • Stomach
    • Disclaimer
    • Stomach
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options by Stage
    • 7. Follow-Up
  • Testis
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 2. Screening/Early Detection
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
      • 5.1 Pure Seminomas
      • 5.2 Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumours (With or Without Seminoma)
      • 5.3 Recurrent Germ Cell Tumour
      • 5.4 Non-Germ Cell Tumours
      • 5.5 Sertoli and Leydig Cell Tumours
      • Follow-Up
  • Thymoma
    • Disclaimer
    • Thymoma
    • 1. Demographics
    • 2. Predisposing Factors / Prevention
    • 3. Screening / Early Detection
    • 4. Diagnosis
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Management
  • Tumour Markers-Assays
    • AFP
    • PSA-Total and Free
    • Methotrexate (MTX)
    • Phenytoin (aka Dilantin or Diphenylhydantoin)
    • Reports
    • Requisition Requirements
    • Sample RequirementsCurrently selected
  • Uterine Cervix
    • Disclaimer
    • Clinical Care Pathway
    • 1. Predisposing Factors//Risk Factors
    • 2. Screening/Early Detection
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
      • 5.2 CIN (Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia)
      • 5.3 Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma & Adenocarcinoma
      • 5.4 Invasive Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
      • 5.5 Local or Regional Recurrence
      • 5.6 Carcinoma of the Cervix in Pregnancy
    • 6. Follow-up
  • Vagina
    • Disclaimer
    • Vagina
    • Diagnosis
    • Staging
    • Management
    • Follow-up
  • Vulva
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Diagnosis
    • 2. Staging
    • 3. Management
    • 4. Follow-up
  • Anus
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work Up
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options by Stage
    • 7. Follow Up
  • Appendix
    • Disclaimer
    • Appendix
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Incidence and Histologic Subtypes
    • 3. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
    • 4. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 5. Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC)
    • 6. Pathology
    • 7. Staging
    • 8. Treatment Options
    • 9. Follow Up and Surveillance
  • Bile Duct
    • Disclaimer
    • Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
      • 1. Screening
      • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Workup
      • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
      • 4. Pathology
      • 5. Staging
      • 6. Treatment Options
      • 7. Follow-Up
    • Intrahepatic (Peripheral) Cholangiocarcinoma
      • 1. Screening
      • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Workup
      • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
      • 4. Pathology
      • 5. Staging
      • 6. Treatment Options
      • 7. Follow-Up
  • Bladder
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 2. Screening/Early Detection
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
      • 1. Superficial Bladder Cancer (T1s, Ta, T1)
      • 2. Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (Stage T2a)
      • 3. Deep Muscle Invasion (T2b), Perivesical Fat (T3), or Prostate Glandular Involvement (T4a)
      • 4. Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer (T4b)
      • 5. Metastatic Bladder Cancer
      • 6. Less Common Histologies
      • References
  • Breast
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Demographics and Risk Factors
    • 2. Prevention
    • 3. Screening/Early Detection
    • 4. Diagnosis
      • 4.2 MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
      • 4.3 Diagnostic Pathology
      • 4.4 Pathology Reporting for Breast Cancer
        • Breast Cancer Pathology Reporting Checklist
        • BC Cancer Pathology Reviews
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Management
      • 6.1.0 Introduction
      • 6.2.0 In Situ Disease
      • 6.3.0 Early Invasive Breast Cancer (T1T2NON1: T3N0)
      • 6.4.0 Stage I or II Tumours with Muscle but Not Chest Wall Fixation
      • 6.5.0 Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (T3N1: Any T4: Any N2N3M0)
      • 6.6.0 Inflammatory Breast Cancer
      • 6.7.0 Neoadjuvant Therapy
      • 6.8.0 Locoregional reoccurance
      • 6.9.0 Metastatic Breast Cancer
      • 6.10. Radiation Therapy
      • 6.11. Special Circumstances
    • 7. Survivorship Care
      • 7.1 Follow-up Care
      • 7.2 Other Post-treatment Issues
  • Colon
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work Up
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options by Stage Based on Current Evidence
    • 6a. Liver Limited Metastatic Colorectal
    • 7. Follow Up and Surveillance of Colon Cancer Patients Treated with Curative Intent
    • 8. Appendix - Colorectal Cancer Care Map for Physicians
  • Endometrium
    • Disclaimer
    • Endometrium
    • 1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 2. Screening/Early Detection
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
    • 6. Follow-up
  • Esophageal & Esophagogastric Junction
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options by Stage
    • 7. Follow-up
  • Fallopian Tube
    • Disclaimer
    • Fallopian Tube
    • Staging
    • Management
  • Gallbladder
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Workup
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options
    • 7. Follow-up
  • Gastrointestinal
    • Patient Resources
    • Referral Information for the New Patient Visit
    • Fluorouracil Overdose
    • Members
  • Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia
    • Disclaimer
    • Diagnosis
    • Management
    • Follow-up
  • Gynecological Sarcomas
    • Disclaimer
    • Gynecological Sarcomas
    • 1. Staging
    • 2. Management
    • 3. Follow Up
  • Head & Neck
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Tumor Site/Type Demographics
    • 2. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 3. Screening/Early Detection
    • 4. Diagnosis
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Management
      • 6.1 Chemotherapy
      • 6.2 Radiotherapy Techniques
      • 6.3 Radiation Reactions
      • 6.4 General Principles of Treatment
      • 6.5 Lip
      • 6.6 Oral Cavity
      • 6.7 Oropharynx
      • 6.8 Nasopharynx
      • 6.9 Other Tumours
      • 6.10 Hypopharynx
      • 6.11 Larynx
      • 6.12 Nasal Cavity & Paranasal Sinuses
      • 6.13 Salivary Gland
      • 6.14 External Auditory Canal & Middle Ear
      • 6.15 Thyroid Malignancies
      • 6.16 Thyroid Cancer in Children
    • 7. Follow-up
  • Kidney
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 2. Screening/Early Detection
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
      • Follow-up
  • Leukemia
    • Leukemia
  • Liver
    • Disclaimer
    • Liver Primary - Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic Work-Up
    • 3. Staging
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Treatment Modalities in HCC
    • 6. Treatment Options by Stage
    • 7. Fibrolamellar Carcinoma
    • 8. Follow-up
  • Lung
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Tumour Site/ Type Demographics
    • 2. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 3. Screening / Early Detection
    • 4. Diagnosis
    • 5. Staging
      • Investigations for Staging
    • 6. Management
      • 6.1 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
        • 1. Resectable NSCLC
        • 2. Surgical Treatment of Stage I-IIIA
        • 3. Adjuvant Radical Radiotherapy Following Surgical Resection
        • 4. Post-operative Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Resected NSCLC
        • 5. Radical Radiotherapy for Potentially Resectable but Inoperable T1, T2, N0, M0
        • 6. Treatment of Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
        • 7. Patient Selection for Combined Modality Therapy
        • 8. Chemotherapy in Combined Modality Regimens
        • 9. Thoracic Radiotherapy In Combined Modality Therapy
        • 10. Thoracic Radiotherapy Alone in Stage III
        • 11. Advanced NSCLC Treated with Palliative Intent
        • 12. Palliative Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced and Metastatic NSCLC
        • 13. Palliative Chemotherapy of Advanced NSCLC
        • 13a. Systemic Therapy for EGFR Mutation Positive Nonsquamous NSCLC
        • 13b. Systemic Therapy for ALK Rearranged Nonsquamous NSCLC
        • 13c. Systemic Therapy for Advanced NSCLC Without Actionable Driver Mutations
        • 13d. Elderly Patients and Patients with Poor Performance Status
        • 14. Endobronchial Therapy
        • 15. Management of Pleural Effusion
        • 16. Pre-operative Radical Radiotherapy
      • 6.2 Small Cell Lung Cancer
        • 6.2.1 Limited Stage Disease
          • 1. Thoracic Irradiation for Limited SCLC
          • 2. Standard Regimens for Fit Patients with Limited SCLC
          • 3. Alternative Chemo Regimens for Frail or Elderly Patients with Limited SCLC
          • 4. Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation
          • 5. Supportive Care
          • 6. Restaging after Induction Therapy in Limited SCLC
          • 7. Surgery in Limited SCLC
        • 6.2.2 Extensive Stage SCLC
        • 6.2.3 Salvage Therapy for Relapsed SCLC Patients
        • 6.2.4 Targeted Therapy for Small Cell Lung Cancer
      • 6.3 Follow-up Practice Guidelines
  • Melanoma
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Melanoma Incidence, Demographics, Predisposing Factors and Prevention
    • 2. Potential Precursors of Melanoma
    • 3. Surveillance and Early Detection in High Risk Patients
    • 4. Diagnosis
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Management
      • 6.1 Melanoma Precursors
      • 6.2 Biopsy Proven Malignant Melanoma
      • 6.3 Recurrent and/or Metastatic Disease
      • 6.4 Follow-up
    • Referral Info for the New Patient
  • Mesothelioma
    • Disclaimer
    • Mesothelioma
    • 1. Demographics
    • 2. Predisposing Factors / Prevention
    • 3. Screening / Early Detection
    • 4. Diagnosis
    • 5. Staging (Mesothelioma)
    • 6. Management
  • Miscellaneous Genitourinary Tumours
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Penis
    • 2. Scrotum
    • 3. Renal Pelvis and Ureter
    • 4. Female Urethra
    • 5. Male Urethra
  • Musculoskeletal & Sarcoma
    • Overview
  • Neuroendocrine Tumours
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Non-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours
    • 2. Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours
    • c. Follow-up of Neuroendocrine Tumours
  • Neuro-Oncology
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Tumour Site / Type Demographics
    • 2. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
      • Stereotactic Radiation Therapy (SRT)
      • 5.1 Low Grade Astrocytoma
      • 5.2 Malignant Astrocytoma
      • 5.3 Oligodendroglioma
      • 5.4 Ependymoma in Adults
      • 5.5 Tumours of the Pituitary Gland
      • 5.6 Meningioma
      • 5.7 Medulloblastoma
      • 5.8 Tumours of Pineal Parenchyma
      • 5.9 Tumours of Maldevelopmental Origin
      • 5.10 Schwannoma
      • 5.11 Ganglion Cell Tumours
      • 5.12 Choroid Plexus Papilloma and Carcinoma
      • 5.13 Tumours of Vascular Origin
      • 5.14 Spinal Tumours
      • 5.15 Cerebral Metastasis
        • Management of Recurrent or Metastatic Disease
        • Malignant Astrocytomas
        • Low grade astrocytomas
        • Oligodendrogliomas and Mixed Oligoastrocytomas
        • Meningiomas
        • Uncommon adult brain tumours
        • Palliation
      • 5.16 Recurrent or Metastatic Disease
        • Low Astrocytomas
        • Malignant Astrocytomas
        • Meningiomas
        • Oligodendrogliomas and Mixed Oligoastrocytomas
      • 5.17 Palliation
    • 6. Follow Up
      • 6.1 Gliomas
      • 6.2 Tumours of Meninges
      • 6.3 Tumours of the Pituitary Gland
      • 6.4 Pineal Tumours
      • 6.5 Medulloblastoma
      • 6.6 Spinal Cord Tumours
      • 6.7 Solitary Cerebral Metastasis
  • Non-Melanoma
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Predisposing Factors / Prevention
    • 2. Staging
    • 3. Management Policies
      • 1. Basal Cell Carcinoma
      • 2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
      • 3. Keratoacanthomas
      • 4. Merkel Cell Tumour
      • 5. Kaposi's Sarcoma Classical
      • 6. Other Skin Cancers
      • 7. Extramammary Paget's Disease
      • Chemotherapy
      • Cryotherapy
      • Surgery
      • Imiquimod
      • Radiation Therapy
      • Follow-up
    • Referral Info for the New Patient Visit
  • Oral & Dental Care
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Oral/Dental Care
    • 1.1 Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
    • 1.2 Patients Prior to Chemotherapy
    • 1.3 Patients During Chemotherapy
    • 1.4 Oral Manifestations of Radiation Therapy to the Head & Neck
    • 1.5 Radiation Therapy - Evaluation and Treatment Plan
    • 1.6 Patients During Radiation Therapy
    • 1.7 Patients Following Radiation Therapy
    • 1.8 Patients Receiving Bone Marrow Transplantation
    • 1.9 Patients Following Bone Marrow Transplantation
    • 1.10 Additional Oral Management Measures
    • 1.11 Oral Care Products and Resources
    • 1.12 Prosthetic Care and Rehabilitation
    • 1.13 How will radiation affect my teeth?
    • 1.14 References
    • 1.15 Guideline for Early Detection of Oral Cancer
  • Other Gastric Malignancies
    • Other Gastric Malignancies
  • Ovary - Epithelial Carcinoma
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Background
    • 2. Histological Classification of Ovarian Carcinoma
    • 3. Diagnosis, Staging and Surgery
    • 4. Medical Management of High Grade Ovarian Cancers
    • 5. Subtype Specific Medical Management
    • 6. Management of Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma (STIC)
    • 7. Borderline Ovarian Tumors/Tumours of Low Malignant Potential
    • 8. Allergy and Poor Treatment Tolerance
    • 9. Palliative Considerations
    • 10. Hereditary Cancer Syndromes: Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome (BRCA1/2) and Lynch Syndrome
    • 11. Estrogen Replacement Therapy
    • 12. Follow-up/Surveillance
    • 13. References
  • Ovary - Non-Epithelial Carcinoma
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Diagnosis & Staging
    • 2. Management & Follow-up
    • 3. Pathologic Classification
  • Pancreas
    • Disclaimer
    • Pancreas
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work Up
    • 2.1 Biliary Decompression
    • 3. Primary Surgical
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options
    • 7. Follow Up
  • Primary Unknown
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Tumour Site/Type Demographics
    • 2. Diagnosis
    • 3. Staging
    • 4. Management
  • Prostate
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Predisposing Factors & Prevention
    • 2. Screening & Early Detection
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
      • 5.1 Low Risk
      • 5.2 Intermediate Risk
      • 5.3 High Risk
      • Systemic Management of Prostate Cancer
        • Chemotherapy
        • Indications for Antiandrogen Use
        • Medical Castration
        • Palliative Radiation Therapy or Surgery
        • Radionuclide Therapy for Hormone Resistant Metastatic Disease
        • Surgical Castration
        • Zoledronic Acid
      • Follow-up
        • Definitions of Biochemical Relapse
        • Post-Radical Prostatectomy
        • Post-Radical Radiotherapy
    • Brachytherapy Guidelines
    • HIFU
    • Osteoporosis Screening Guidelines
      • Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
      • Hypogonadism Effects
      • Systematic Review of Bone Mineral Density Loss & Fracture Risk in Androgen Ablation
      • Prevention
      • Treatment: bisphosphonates
      • Costs and Payment Issues
      • Monitoring Change in BMD/ Osteoporosis
      • Referrals to Other Physicians
      • References
      • Guidelines for the Prevention of Osteoporosis for Men with Prostate Cancer
      • Appendix 1
      • Committee Members
    • PSA Screening
      • 1. Prostate Cancer is a Common Disease and Cause of Morbidity and Mortality
      • 2. Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
      • 3. Evidence Supporting PSA Testing
      • Patient Information Document
      • Recommendations
      • References
  • Rectum
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options by Stage
    • 6a. Liver Limited Metastatic Colorectal
    • 7. Follow-up and Surveillance of Rectal Cancer Patients Treated with Curative Intent
    • 8. Appendix - Colorectal Cancer Care Map for Physicians
  • Skin Cancer Prevention & Early Diagnosis Courses
    • 1.0 Introduction
    • 2.0 Outline of Courses
    • 3.0 Course Readings
      • Skin Cancer Prevention Readings
        • Sunlight Exposure: Basal Cell Carcinoma
        • Sunlight Exposure: Squamous Cell Carcinoma
        • Sunscreens: Use and Misuse
        • The Epidemiology of Acquired Melanocytic Nevi: A Brief Review
        • Epidemiology of Skin Cancer
        • Carcinogenesis
        • Examining the Skin
        • Risk Factors
        • Family Risk
        • Follow-up Examinations
        • Sun Avoidance in High Risk Patients
        • Sunscreens, Sun Avoidance and Clothing
        • Genetic Counselling
          • Actinic Keratosis
          • Dysplastic Leukoplakia
          • Congenital Nevi
          • Dysplastic (Atypical) Nevus
          • Lentigo Maligna
          • Subungual Melanoma
        • Optional - Tips to Help Physicians Discuss Skin Cancer Prevention with Patients
        • The End
      • Skin Cancer Early Diagnosis Readings
        • The Epidemiology of Acquired Melanocytic Nevi: A Brief Review
        • Examining the Skin
        • Biopsy
        • Family Risk
        • Follow-up Examinations
        • Sun Avoidance in High Risk Patients
        • Actinic Keratosis
        • Dysplastic Leukoplakia
        • Squamous Carcinoma
        • Basal Cell Carcinoma
        • Congenital Nevi
        • Dysplastic (Atypical) Nevus
        • Superficial Spreading Melanoma
        • Nodular Melanoma
        • Lentigo Maligna and Lentigo Malignant Melanoma
        • Subungual Melanoma
        • Palmoplantar Melanoma
        • Mucosal Melanoma
        • Spitz Nevus
        • The End
    • 4.0 Quiz Overview
    • 5.0 Taking the Quizzes
  • Small Bowel Malignancies
    • Disclaimer
    • Small Bowel Malignancies
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options
    • 7. Follow-Up and Surveillance
  • Stomach
    • Disclaimer
    • Stomach
    • 1. Screening
    • 2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
    • 3. Primary Surgical Therapy
    • 4. Pathology
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Treatment Options by Stage
    • 7. Follow-Up
  • Testis
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
    • 2. Screening/Early Detection
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
      • 5.1 Pure Seminomas
      • 5.2 Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumours (With or Without Seminoma)
      • 5.3 Recurrent Germ Cell Tumour
      • 5.4 Non-Germ Cell Tumours
      • 5.5 Sertoli and Leydig Cell Tumours
      • Follow-Up
  • Thymoma
    • Disclaimer
    • Thymoma
    • 1. Demographics
    • 2. Predisposing Factors / Prevention
    • 3. Screening / Early Detection
    • 4. Diagnosis
    • 5. Staging
    • 6. Management
  • Tumour Markers-Assays
    • AFP
    • PSA-Total and Free
    • Methotrexate (MTX)
    • Phenytoin (aka Dilantin or Diphenylhydantoin)
    • Reports
    • Requisition Requirements
    • Sample RequirementsCurrently selected
  • Uterine Cervix
    • Disclaimer
    • Clinical Care Pathway
    • 1. Predisposing Factors//Risk Factors
    • 2. Screening/Early Detection
    • 3. Diagnosis
    • 4. Staging
    • 5. Management
      • 5.2 CIN (Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia)
      • 5.3 Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma & Adenocarcinoma
      • 5.4 Invasive Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
      • 5.5 Local or Regional Recurrence
      • 5.6 Carcinoma of the Cervix in Pregnancy
    • 6. Follow-up
  • Vagina
    • Disclaimer
    • Vagina
    • Diagnosis
    • Staging
    • Management
    • Follow-up
  • Vulva
    • Disclaimer
    • 1. Diagnosis
    • 2. Staging
    • 3. Management
    • 4. Follow-up

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