You may be trying to access this site from a secured browser on the server. Please enable scripts and reload this page.
Turn on more accessible mode
Turn off more accessible mode
Skip Ribbon Commands
Skip to main content
Turn off Animations
Turn on Animations
Not following
Our Services
Patient Guide
Introduction to BC Cancer
New Patients Form
Your First Visit
Patient Handout Search
Questions for Your Doctor
Cancer Care Team
Services & Support
Parking for Patients
Fair Pharmacare
Request Patient Records
Your Health Information
Out-of-province / Out-of-country Patients
Glossary of Terms
Systemic Therapy Teaching
CST for patients
Influenza and COVID-19 Vaccine Information for People with Cancer
Safer Space
Services
Clinical Ethics
Hereditary Cancer
Indigenous Cancer Control
Interpreters
Late Effects, Assessment & Follow-Up
Library
Molecular Imaging Therapy
Screening Programs
Smoking Cessation Program
Support Programs
Supportive Care
Centres & Clinics
BC Cancer – Abbotsford
BC Cancer – Kelowna
BC Cancer – Prince George
BC Cancer – Surrey
BC Cancer – Vancouver
BC Cancer – Victoria
Locations
Treatments
Biosimilar Drugs
Radiation Therapy
Surgery
Systemic Therapy (Chemotherapy)
Health Info
Clinical Care Pathways for Patients
Types of Cancer
About Cancer
Blood & Lymphoid Cancer
Bone & Soft Tissue Cancer
Brain & Central Nervous System Cancer
Breast Cancer
Childhood Cancer
Digestive System Cancer
Eye Cancer
Head & Neck Cancer
Lung Cancer
Pelvic Area Cancer
Skin Cancer
Urinary Cancer
Coping with Cancer
Advance Care Planning
Complementary & Alternative Therapies
Emotional Support
Exercise Support
Facts 4 Teens
Family Support
Life after Cancer
Managing Symptoms & Side Effects
Medical Cannabis
Nutrition Support
Practical Support
Video Resources
Adolescent & Young Adult Cancer Care & Support
Prevention
Screening
Disease & System Statistics
About our Cancer Statistics
Cancer Statistics Online Dashboard
Other Reports
Our Research
Research Focus
About our Research
Lymphoid Cancer
Nutrition
Technology Development
Ethics & Oversight
Research Ethics
Participate
BC Generations Project
Biobanking & Biospecimen Research Services
Clinical Trials
About
Who We Are
Leadership
Accountability
Accreditation
Patient & Family Experience
News & Stories
Stories
Media Enquiries
History
Projects & Priorities
B.C.'s 10-Year Cancer Action Plan
New Surrey Hospital & BC Cancer Centre
Burnaby Hospital Phase 2 and BC Cancer - Burnaby McCarthy Centre
Nanaimo Cancer Centre
Kamloops Cancer Centre
Contact
Health Professionals
Referrals
Clinical Resources
Fertility Resources
Biosimilar Drugs
Cancer Drug Manual
Cancer Management Manual
Chemotherapy Protocols
Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell Therapy
Clinical Care Pathways for Health Professionals
COVID-19 Resources
Hereditary Cancer
Laboratory Services
Late Effects, Assessment & Follow Up
Medical Cannabis
Molecular Imaging Therapy
Nursing
Nutrition
Oral Cancer Prevention Program
Pain & Symptom Management/Palliative Care
Pharmacy
Prevention Programs
Psychosocial Oncology
Radiation Therapy
Skin Cancer Atlas
Smoking Cessation Program
Survivorship & Primary Care
Systemic Therapy
Clinical Trials & Studies
PET/CT Clinical Trials
Education & Development
CytoSleuth Quiz
Hereditary Cancer Education
Nursing
Pharmacy
Psychosocial Oncology
Skin Cancer Prevention & Early Diagnosis
Professional Resources
Advance Care Planning
BC Cancer Registry
Video Conferencing
Networks
Community Oncology Network
Family Practice Oncology Network
Surgery Network
Donate
Careers
Work with Us
Jobs of the Week
Hiring Events
About Working at BC Cancer
Train with Us
Our Training Programs
Medical Oncology
Medical Physics
Nutrition
Volunteer with Us
Physician Careers
International Physicians
Frequently Asked Questions
About Physician Careers
Nursing & Nurse Practitioner Careers
Featured Careers
Molecular Imaging Therapy Careers
Administrative Careers
Radiation Therapist Careers
Medical Physicist Careers
Careers Across British Columbia
Kelowna
Prince George
Surrey
Vancouver
Victoria
Abbotsford
Diagnosis-Vagina
It looks like your browser does not have JavaScript enabled. Please turn on JavaScript and try again.
Anus
Disclaimer
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work Up
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options by Stage
7. Follow Up
Appendix
Disclaimer
Appendix
1. Screening
2. Incidence and Histologic Subtypes
3. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
4. Primary Surgical Therapy
5. Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC)
6. Pathology
7. Staging
8. Treatment Options
9. Follow Up and Surveillance
Bile Duct
Disclaimer
Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Workup
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options
7. Follow-Up
Intrahepatic (Peripheral) Cholangiocarcinoma
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Workup
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options
7. Follow-Up
Bladder
Disclaimer
1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
2. Screening/Early Detection
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
1. Superficial Bladder Cancer (T1s, Ta, T1)
2. Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (Stage T2a)
3. Deep Muscle Invasion (T2b), Perivesical Fat (T3), or Prostate Glandular Involvement (T4a)
4. Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer (T4b)
5. Metastatic Bladder Cancer
6. Less Common Histologies
References
Breast
Disclaimer
1. Demographics and Risk Factors
2. Prevention
3. Screening/Early Detection
4. Diagnosis
4.2 MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
4.3 Diagnostic Pathology
4.4 Pathology Reporting for Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer Pathology Reporting Checklist
BC Cancer Pathology Reviews
5. Staging
6. Management
6.1.0 Introduction
6.2.0 In Situ Disease
6.3.0 Early Invasive Breast Cancer (T1T2NON1: T3N0)
6.4.0 Stage I or II Tumours with Muscle but Not Chest Wall Fixation
6.5.0 Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (T3N1: Any T4: Any N2N3M0)
6.6.0 Inflammatory Breast Cancer
6.7.0 Neoadjuvant Therapy
6.8.0 Locoregional reoccurance
6.9.0 Metastatic Breast Cancer
6.10. Radiation Therapy
6.11. Special Circumstances
7. Survivorship Care
7.1 Follow-up Care
7.2 Other Post-treatment Issues
Colon
Disclaimer
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work Up
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options by Stage Based on Current Evidence
6a. Liver Limited Metastatic Colorectal
7. Follow Up and Surveillance of Colon Cancer Patients Treated with Curative Intent
8. Appendix - Colorectal Cancer Care Map for Physicians
Endometrium
Disclaimer
Endometrium
1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
2. Screening/Early Detection
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
6. Follow-up
Esophageal & Esophagogastric Junction
Disclaimer
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options by Stage
7. Follow-up
Fallopian Tube
Disclaimer
Fallopian Tube
Staging
Management
Gallbladder
Disclaimer
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Workup
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options
7. Follow-up
Gastrointestinal
Patient Resources
Referral Information for the New Patient Visit
Fluorouracil Overdose
Members
Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia
Disclaimer
Diagnosis
Management
Follow-up
Gynecological Sarcomas
Disclaimer
Gynecological Sarcomas
1. Staging
2. Management
3. Follow Up
Head & Neck
Disclaimer
1. Tumor Site/Type Demographics
2. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
3. Screening/Early Detection
4. Diagnosis
5. Staging
6. Management
6.1 Chemotherapy
6.2 Radiotherapy Techniques
6.3 Radiation Reactions
6.4 General Principles of Treatment
6.5 Lip
6.6 Oral Cavity
6.7 Oropharynx
6.8 Nasopharynx
6.9 Other Tumours
6.10 Hypopharynx
6.11 Larynx
6.12 Nasal Cavity & Paranasal Sinuses
6.13 Salivary Gland
6.14 External Auditory Canal & Middle Ear
6.15 Thyroid Malignancies
6.16 Thyroid Cancer in Children
7. Follow-up
Kidney
Disclaimer
1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
2. Screening/Early Detection
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
Follow-up
Leukemia
Leukemia
Liver
Disclaimer
Liver Primary - Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic Work-Up
3. Staging
4. Pathology
5. Treatment Modalities in HCC
6. Treatment Options by Stage
7. Fibrolamellar Carcinoma
8. Follow-up
Lung
Disclaimer
1. Tumour Site/ Type Demographics
2. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
3. Screening / Early Detection
4. Diagnosis
5. Staging
Investigations for Staging
6. Management
6.1 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
1. Resectable NSCLC
2. Surgical Treatment of Stage I-IIIA
3. Adjuvant Radical Radiotherapy Following Surgical Resection
4. Post-operative Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Resected NSCLC
5. Radical Radiotherapy for Potentially Resectable but Inoperable T1, T2, N0, M0
6. Treatment of Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
7. Patient Selection for Combined Modality Therapy
8. Chemotherapy in Combined Modality Regimens
9. Thoracic Radiotherapy In Combined Modality Therapy
10. Thoracic Radiotherapy Alone in Stage III
11. Advanced NSCLC Treated with Palliative Intent
12. Palliative Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced and Metastatic NSCLC
13. Palliative Chemotherapy of Advanced NSCLC
13a. Systemic Therapy for EGFR Mutation Positive Nonsquamous NSCLC
13b. Systemic Therapy for ALK Rearranged Nonsquamous NSCLC
13c. Systemic Therapy for Advanced NSCLC Without Actionable Driver Mutations
13d. Elderly Patients and Patients with Poor Performance Status
14. Endobronchial Therapy
15. Management of Pleural Effusion
16. Pre-operative Radical Radiotherapy
6.2 Small Cell Lung Cancer
6.2.1 Limited Stage Disease
1. Thoracic Irradiation for Limited SCLC
2. Standard Regimens for Fit Patients with Limited SCLC
3. Alternative Chemo Regimens for Frail or Elderly Patients with Limited SCLC
4. Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation
5. Supportive Care
6. Restaging after Induction Therapy in Limited SCLC
7. Surgery in Limited SCLC
6.2.2 Extensive Stage SCLC
6.2.3 Salvage Therapy for Relapsed SCLC Patients
6.2.4 Targeted Therapy for Small Cell Lung Cancer
6.3 Follow-up Practice Guidelines
Melanoma
Disclaimer
1. Melanoma Incidence, Demographics, Predisposing Factors and Prevention
2. Potential Precursors of Melanoma
3. Surveillance and Early Detection in High Risk Patients
4. Diagnosis
5. Staging
6. Management
6.1 Melanoma Precursors
6.2 Biopsy Proven Malignant Melanoma
6.3 Recurrent and/or Metastatic Disease
6.4 Follow-up
Referral Info for the New Patient
Mesothelioma
Disclaimer
Mesothelioma
1. Demographics
2. Predisposing Factors / Prevention
3. Screening / Early Detection
4. Diagnosis
5. Staging (Mesothelioma)
6. Management
Miscellaneous Genitourinary Tumours
Disclaimer
1. Penis
2. Scrotum
3. Renal Pelvis and Ureter
4. Female Urethra
5. Male Urethra
Musculoskeletal & Sarcoma
Overview
Neuroendocrine Tumours
Disclaimer
1. Non-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours
2. Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours
c. Follow-up of Neuroendocrine Tumours
Neuro-Oncology
Disclaimer
1. Tumour Site / Type Demographics
2. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
Stereotactic Radiation Therapy (SRT)
5.1 Low Grade Astrocytoma
5.2 Malignant Astrocytoma
5.3 Oligodendroglioma
5.4 Ependymoma in Adults
5.5 Tumours of the Pituitary Gland
5.6 Meningioma
5.7 Medulloblastoma
5.8 Tumours of Pineal Parenchyma
5.9 Tumours of Maldevelopmental Origin
5.10 Schwannoma
5.11 Ganglion Cell Tumours
5.12 Choroid Plexus Papilloma and Carcinoma
5.13 Tumours of Vascular Origin
5.14 Spinal Tumours
5.15 Cerebral Metastasis
Management of Recurrent or Metastatic Disease
Malignant Astrocytomas
Low grade astrocytomas
Oligodendrogliomas and Mixed Oligoastrocytomas
Meningiomas
Uncommon adult brain tumours
Palliation
5.16 Recurrent or Metastatic Disease
Low Astrocytomas
Malignant Astrocytomas
Meningiomas
Oligodendrogliomas and Mixed Oligoastrocytomas
5.17 Palliation
6. Follow Up
6.1 Gliomas
6.2 Tumours of Meninges
6.3 Tumours of the Pituitary Gland
6.4 Pineal Tumours
6.5 Medulloblastoma
6.6 Spinal Cord Tumours
6.7 Solitary Cerebral Metastasis
Non-Melanoma
Disclaimer
1. Predisposing Factors / Prevention
2. Staging
3. Management Policies
1. Basal Cell Carcinoma
2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
3. Keratoacanthomas
4. Merkel Cell Tumour
5. Kaposi's Sarcoma Classical
6. Other Skin Cancers
7. Extramammary Paget's Disease
Chemotherapy
Cryotherapy
Surgery
Imiquimod
Radiation Therapy
Follow-up
Referral Info for the New Patient Visit
Oral & Dental Care
Disclaimer
1. Oral/Dental Care
1.1 Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
1.2 Patients Prior to Chemotherapy
1.3 Patients During Chemotherapy
1.4 Oral Manifestations of Radiation Therapy to the Head & Neck
1.5 Radiation Therapy - Evaluation and Treatment Plan
1.6 Patients During Radiation Therapy
1.7 Patients Following Radiation Therapy
1.8 Patients Receiving Bone Marrow Transplantation
1.9 Patients Following Bone Marrow Transplantation
1.10 Additional Oral Management Measures
1.11 Oral Care Products and Resources
1.12 Prosthetic Care and Rehabilitation
1.13 How will radiation affect my teeth?
1.14 References
1.15 Guideline for Early Detection of Oral Cancer
Other Gastric Malignancies
Other Gastric Malignancies
Ovary - Epithelial Carcinoma
Disclaimer
1. Background
2. Histological Classification of Ovarian Carcinoma
3. Diagnosis, Staging and Surgery
4. Medical Management of High Grade Ovarian Cancers
5. Subtype Specific Medical Management
6. Management of Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma (STIC)
7. Borderline Ovarian Tumors/Tumours of Low Malignant Potential
8. Allergy and Poor Treatment Tolerance
9. Palliative Considerations
10. Hereditary Cancer Syndromes: Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome (BRCA1/2) and Lynch Syndrome
11. Estrogen Replacement Therapy
12. Follow-up/Surveillance
13. References
Ovary - Non-Epithelial Carcinoma
Disclaimer
1. Diagnosis & Staging
2. Management & Follow-up
3. Pathologic Classification
Pancreas
Disclaimer
Pancreas
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work Up
2.1 Biliary Decompression
3. Primary Surgical
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options
7. Follow Up
Primary Unknown
Disclaimer
1. Tumour Site/Type Demographics
2. Diagnosis
3. Staging
4. Management
Prostate
Disclaimer
1. Predisposing Factors & Prevention
2. Screening & Early Detection
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
5.1 Low Risk
5.2 Intermediate Risk
5.3 High Risk
Systemic Management of Prostate Cancer
Chemotherapy
Indications for Antiandrogen Use
Medical Castration
Palliative Radiation Therapy or Surgery
Radionuclide Therapy for Hormone Resistant Metastatic Disease
Surgical Castration
Zoledronic Acid
Follow-up
Definitions of Biochemical Relapse
Post-Radical Prostatectomy
Post-Radical Radiotherapy
Brachytherapy Guidelines
HIFU
Osteoporosis Screening Guidelines
Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
Hypogonadism Effects
Systematic Review of Bone Mineral Density Loss & Fracture Risk in Androgen Ablation
Prevention
Treatment: bisphosphonates
Costs and Payment Issues
Monitoring Change in BMD/ Osteoporosis
Referrals to Other Physicians
References
Guidelines for the Prevention of Osteoporosis for Men with Prostate Cancer
Appendix 1
Committee Members
PSA Screening
1. Prostate Cancer is a Common Disease and Cause of Morbidity and Mortality
2. Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
3. Evidence Supporting PSA Testing
Patient Information Document
Recommendations
References
Rectum
Disclaimer
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options by Stage
6a. Liver Limited Metastatic Colorectal
7. Follow-up and Surveillance of Rectal Cancer Patients Treated with Curative Intent
8. Appendix - Colorectal Cancer Care Map for Physicians
Skin Cancer Prevention & Early Diagnosis Courses
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Outline of Courses
3.0 Course Readings
Skin Cancer Prevention Readings
Sunlight Exposure: Basal Cell Carcinoma
Sunlight Exposure: Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Sunscreens: Use and Misuse
The Epidemiology of Acquired Melanocytic Nevi: A Brief Review
Epidemiology of Skin Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Examining the Skin
Risk Factors
Family Risk
Follow-up Examinations
Sun Avoidance in High Risk Patients
Sunscreens, Sun Avoidance and Clothing
Genetic Counselling
Actinic Keratosis
Dysplastic Leukoplakia
Congenital Nevi
Dysplastic (Atypical) Nevus
Lentigo Maligna
Subungual Melanoma
Optional - Tips to Help Physicians Discuss Skin Cancer Prevention with Patients
The End
Skin Cancer Early Diagnosis Readings
The Epidemiology of Acquired Melanocytic Nevi: A Brief Review
Examining the Skin
Biopsy
Family Risk
Follow-up Examinations
Sun Avoidance in High Risk Patients
Actinic Keratosis
Dysplastic Leukoplakia
Squamous Carcinoma
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Congenital Nevi
Dysplastic (Atypical) Nevus
Superficial Spreading Melanoma
Nodular Melanoma
Lentigo Maligna and Lentigo Malignant Melanoma
Subungual Melanoma
Palmoplantar Melanoma
Mucosal Melanoma
Spitz Nevus
The End
4.0 Quiz Overview
5.0 Taking the Quizzes
Small Bowel Malignancies
Disclaimer
Small Bowel Malignancies
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options
7. Follow-Up and Surveillance
Stomach
Disclaimer
Stomach
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options by Stage
7. Follow-Up
Testis
Disclaimer
1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
2. Screening/Early Detection
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
5.1 Pure Seminomas
5.2 Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumours (With or Without Seminoma)
5.3 Recurrent Germ Cell Tumour
5.4 Non-Germ Cell Tumours
5.5 Sertoli and Leydig Cell Tumours
Follow-Up
Thymoma
Disclaimer
Thymoma
1. Demographics
2. Predisposing Factors / Prevention
3. Screening / Early Detection
4. Diagnosis
5. Staging
6. Management
Tumour Markers-Assays
AFP
PSA-Total and Free
Methotrexate (MTX)
Phenytoin (aka Dilantin or Diphenylhydantoin)
Reports
Requisition Requirements
Sample Requirements
Uterine Cervix
Disclaimer
Clinical Care Pathway
1. Predisposing Factors//Risk Factors
2. Screening/Early Detection
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
5.2 CIN (Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia)
5.3 Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma & Adenocarcinoma
5.4 Invasive Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
5.5 Local or Regional Recurrence
5.6 Carcinoma of the Cervix in Pregnancy
6. Follow-up
Vagina
Disclaimer
Vagina
Diagnosis
Currently selected
Staging
Management
Follow-up
Vulva
Disclaimer
1. Diagnosis
2. Staging
3. Management
4. Follow-up
Anus
Disclaimer
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work Up
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options by Stage
7. Follow Up
Appendix
Disclaimer
Appendix
1. Screening
2. Incidence and Histologic Subtypes
3. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
4. Primary Surgical Therapy
5. Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC)
6. Pathology
7. Staging
8. Treatment Options
9. Follow Up and Surveillance
Bile Duct
Disclaimer
Extrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Workup
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options
7. Follow-Up
Intrahepatic (Peripheral) Cholangiocarcinoma
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Workup
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options
7. Follow-Up
Bladder
Disclaimer
1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
2. Screening/Early Detection
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
1. Superficial Bladder Cancer (T1s, Ta, T1)
2. Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer (Stage T2a)
3. Deep Muscle Invasion (T2b), Perivesical Fat (T3), or Prostate Glandular Involvement (T4a)
4. Locally Advanced Bladder Cancer (T4b)
5. Metastatic Bladder Cancer
6. Less Common Histologies
References
Breast
Disclaimer
1. Demographics and Risk Factors
2. Prevention
3. Screening/Early Detection
4. Diagnosis
4.2 MRI (Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
4.3 Diagnostic Pathology
4.4 Pathology Reporting for Breast Cancer
Breast Cancer Pathology Reporting Checklist
BC Cancer Pathology Reviews
5. Staging
6. Management
6.1.0 Introduction
6.2.0 In Situ Disease
6.3.0 Early Invasive Breast Cancer (T1T2NON1: T3N0)
6.4.0 Stage I or II Tumours with Muscle but Not Chest Wall Fixation
6.5.0 Locally Advanced Breast Cancer (T3N1: Any T4: Any N2N3M0)
6.6.0 Inflammatory Breast Cancer
6.7.0 Neoadjuvant Therapy
6.8.0 Locoregional reoccurance
6.9.0 Metastatic Breast Cancer
6.10. Radiation Therapy
6.11. Special Circumstances
7. Survivorship Care
7.1 Follow-up Care
7.2 Other Post-treatment Issues
Colon
Disclaimer
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work Up
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options by Stage Based on Current Evidence
6a. Liver Limited Metastatic Colorectal
7. Follow Up and Surveillance of Colon Cancer Patients Treated with Curative Intent
8. Appendix - Colorectal Cancer Care Map for Physicians
Endometrium
Disclaimer
Endometrium
1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
2. Screening/Early Detection
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
6. Follow-up
Esophageal & Esophagogastric Junction
Disclaimer
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options by Stage
7. Follow-up
Fallopian Tube
Disclaimer
Fallopian Tube
Staging
Management
Gallbladder
Disclaimer
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Workup
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options
7. Follow-up
Gastrointestinal
Patient Resources
Referral Information for the New Patient Visit
Fluorouracil Overdose
Members
Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia
Disclaimer
Diagnosis
Management
Follow-up
Gynecological Sarcomas
Disclaimer
Gynecological Sarcomas
1. Staging
2. Management
3. Follow Up
Head & Neck
Disclaimer
1. Tumor Site/Type Demographics
2. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
3. Screening/Early Detection
4. Diagnosis
5. Staging
6. Management
6.1 Chemotherapy
6.2 Radiotherapy Techniques
6.3 Radiation Reactions
6.4 General Principles of Treatment
6.5 Lip
6.6 Oral Cavity
6.7 Oropharynx
6.8 Nasopharynx
6.9 Other Tumours
6.10 Hypopharynx
6.11 Larynx
6.12 Nasal Cavity & Paranasal Sinuses
6.13 Salivary Gland
6.14 External Auditory Canal & Middle Ear
6.15 Thyroid Malignancies
6.16 Thyroid Cancer in Children
7. Follow-up
Kidney
Disclaimer
1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
2. Screening/Early Detection
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
Follow-up
Leukemia
Leukemia
Liver
Disclaimer
Liver Primary - Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic Work-Up
3. Staging
4. Pathology
5. Treatment Modalities in HCC
6. Treatment Options by Stage
7. Fibrolamellar Carcinoma
8. Follow-up
Lung
Disclaimer
1. Tumour Site/ Type Demographics
2. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
3. Screening / Early Detection
4. Diagnosis
5. Staging
Investigations for Staging
6. Management
6.1 Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC)
1. Resectable NSCLC
2. Surgical Treatment of Stage I-IIIA
3. Adjuvant Radical Radiotherapy Following Surgical Resection
4. Post-operative Adjuvant Chemotherapy for Resected NSCLC
5. Radical Radiotherapy for Potentially Resectable but Inoperable T1, T2, N0, M0
6. Treatment of Locally Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer
7. Patient Selection for Combined Modality Therapy
8. Chemotherapy in Combined Modality Regimens
9. Thoracic Radiotherapy In Combined Modality Therapy
10. Thoracic Radiotherapy Alone in Stage III
11. Advanced NSCLC Treated with Palliative Intent
12. Palliative Radiotherapy for Locally Advanced and Metastatic NSCLC
13. Palliative Chemotherapy of Advanced NSCLC
13a. Systemic Therapy for EGFR Mutation Positive Nonsquamous NSCLC
13b. Systemic Therapy for ALK Rearranged Nonsquamous NSCLC
13c. Systemic Therapy for Advanced NSCLC Without Actionable Driver Mutations
13d. Elderly Patients and Patients with Poor Performance Status
14. Endobronchial Therapy
15. Management of Pleural Effusion
16. Pre-operative Radical Radiotherapy
6.2 Small Cell Lung Cancer
6.2.1 Limited Stage Disease
1. Thoracic Irradiation for Limited SCLC
2. Standard Regimens for Fit Patients with Limited SCLC
3. Alternative Chemo Regimens for Frail or Elderly Patients with Limited SCLC
4. Prophylactic Cranial Irradiation
5. Supportive Care
6. Restaging after Induction Therapy in Limited SCLC
7. Surgery in Limited SCLC
6.2.2 Extensive Stage SCLC
6.2.3 Salvage Therapy for Relapsed SCLC Patients
6.2.4 Targeted Therapy for Small Cell Lung Cancer
6.3 Follow-up Practice Guidelines
Melanoma
Disclaimer
1. Melanoma Incidence, Demographics, Predisposing Factors and Prevention
2. Potential Precursors of Melanoma
3. Surveillance and Early Detection in High Risk Patients
4. Diagnosis
5. Staging
6. Management
6.1 Melanoma Precursors
6.2 Biopsy Proven Malignant Melanoma
6.3 Recurrent and/or Metastatic Disease
6.4 Follow-up
Referral Info for the New Patient
Mesothelioma
Disclaimer
Mesothelioma
1. Demographics
2. Predisposing Factors / Prevention
3. Screening / Early Detection
4. Diagnosis
5. Staging (Mesothelioma)
6. Management
Miscellaneous Genitourinary Tumours
Disclaimer
1. Penis
2. Scrotum
3. Renal Pelvis and Ureter
4. Female Urethra
5. Male Urethra
Musculoskeletal & Sarcoma
Overview
Neuroendocrine Tumours
Disclaimer
1. Non-Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours
2. Pancreatic Neuroendocrine Tumours
c. Follow-up of Neuroendocrine Tumours
Neuro-Oncology
Disclaimer
1. Tumour Site / Type Demographics
2. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
Stereotactic Radiation Therapy (SRT)
5.1 Low Grade Astrocytoma
5.2 Malignant Astrocytoma
5.3 Oligodendroglioma
5.4 Ependymoma in Adults
5.5 Tumours of the Pituitary Gland
5.6 Meningioma
5.7 Medulloblastoma
5.8 Tumours of Pineal Parenchyma
5.9 Tumours of Maldevelopmental Origin
5.10 Schwannoma
5.11 Ganglion Cell Tumours
5.12 Choroid Plexus Papilloma and Carcinoma
5.13 Tumours of Vascular Origin
5.14 Spinal Tumours
5.15 Cerebral Metastasis
Management of Recurrent or Metastatic Disease
Malignant Astrocytomas
Low grade astrocytomas
Oligodendrogliomas and Mixed Oligoastrocytomas
Meningiomas
Uncommon adult brain tumours
Palliation
5.16 Recurrent or Metastatic Disease
Low Astrocytomas
Malignant Astrocytomas
Meningiomas
Oligodendrogliomas and Mixed Oligoastrocytomas
5.17 Palliation
6. Follow Up
6.1 Gliomas
6.2 Tumours of Meninges
6.3 Tumours of the Pituitary Gland
6.4 Pineal Tumours
6.5 Medulloblastoma
6.6 Spinal Cord Tumours
6.7 Solitary Cerebral Metastasis
Non-Melanoma
Disclaimer
1. Predisposing Factors / Prevention
2. Staging
3. Management Policies
1. Basal Cell Carcinoma
2. Squamous Cell Carcinoma
3. Keratoacanthomas
4. Merkel Cell Tumour
5. Kaposi's Sarcoma Classical
6. Other Skin Cancers
7. Extramammary Paget's Disease
Chemotherapy
Cryotherapy
Surgery
Imiquimod
Radiation Therapy
Follow-up
Referral Info for the New Patient Visit
Oral & Dental Care
Disclaimer
1. Oral/Dental Care
1.1 Patients Receiving Chemotherapy
1.2 Patients Prior to Chemotherapy
1.3 Patients During Chemotherapy
1.4 Oral Manifestations of Radiation Therapy to the Head & Neck
1.5 Radiation Therapy - Evaluation and Treatment Plan
1.6 Patients During Radiation Therapy
1.7 Patients Following Radiation Therapy
1.8 Patients Receiving Bone Marrow Transplantation
1.9 Patients Following Bone Marrow Transplantation
1.10 Additional Oral Management Measures
1.11 Oral Care Products and Resources
1.12 Prosthetic Care and Rehabilitation
1.13 How will radiation affect my teeth?
1.14 References
1.15 Guideline for Early Detection of Oral Cancer
Other Gastric Malignancies
Other Gastric Malignancies
Ovary - Epithelial Carcinoma
Disclaimer
1. Background
2. Histological Classification of Ovarian Carcinoma
3. Diagnosis, Staging and Surgery
4. Medical Management of High Grade Ovarian Cancers
5. Subtype Specific Medical Management
6. Management of Serous Tubal Intraepithelial Carcinoma (STIC)
7. Borderline Ovarian Tumors/Tumours of Low Malignant Potential
8. Allergy and Poor Treatment Tolerance
9. Palliative Considerations
10. Hereditary Cancer Syndromes: Hereditary Breast and Ovarian Cancer Syndrome (BRCA1/2) and Lynch Syndrome
11. Estrogen Replacement Therapy
12. Follow-up/Surveillance
13. References
Ovary - Non-Epithelial Carcinoma
Disclaimer
1. Diagnosis & Staging
2. Management & Follow-up
3. Pathologic Classification
Pancreas
Disclaimer
Pancreas
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work Up
2.1 Biliary Decompression
3. Primary Surgical
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options
7. Follow Up
Primary Unknown
Disclaimer
1. Tumour Site/Type Demographics
2. Diagnosis
3. Staging
4. Management
Prostate
Disclaimer
1. Predisposing Factors & Prevention
2. Screening & Early Detection
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
5.1 Low Risk
5.2 Intermediate Risk
5.3 High Risk
Systemic Management of Prostate Cancer
Chemotherapy
Indications for Antiandrogen Use
Medical Castration
Palliative Radiation Therapy or Surgery
Radionuclide Therapy for Hormone Resistant Metastatic Disease
Surgical Castration
Zoledronic Acid
Follow-up
Definitions of Biochemical Relapse
Post-Radical Prostatectomy
Post-Radical Radiotherapy
Brachytherapy Guidelines
HIFU
Osteoporosis Screening Guidelines
Bone Mineral Density (BMD)
Hypogonadism Effects
Systematic Review of Bone Mineral Density Loss & Fracture Risk in Androgen Ablation
Prevention
Treatment: bisphosphonates
Costs and Payment Issues
Monitoring Change in BMD/ Osteoporosis
Referrals to Other Physicians
References
Guidelines for the Prevention of Osteoporosis for Men with Prostate Cancer
Appendix 1
Committee Members
PSA Screening
1. Prostate Cancer is a Common Disease and Cause of Morbidity and Mortality
2. Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA)
3. Evidence Supporting PSA Testing
Patient Information Document
Recommendations
References
Rectum
Disclaimer
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options by Stage
6a. Liver Limited Metastatic Colorectal
7. Follow-up and Surveillance of Rectal Cancer Patients Treated with Curative Intent
8. Appendix - Colorectal Cancer Care Map for Physicians
Skin Cancer Prevention & Early Diagnosis Courses
1.0 Introduction
2.0 Outline of Courses
3.0 Course Readings
Skin Cancer Prevention Readings
Sunlight Exposure: Basal Cell Carcinoma
Sunlight Exposure: Squamous Cell Carcinoma
Sunscreens: Use and Misuse
The Epidemiology of Acquired Melanocytic Nevi: A Brief Review
Epidemiology of Skin Cancer
Carcinogenesis
Examining the Skin
Risk Factors
Family Risk
Follow-up Examinations
Sun Avoidance in High Risk Patients
Sunscreens, Sun Avoidance and Clothing
Genetic Counselling
Actinic Keratosis
Dysplastic Leukoplakia
Congenital Nevi
Dysplastic (Atypical) Nevus
Lentigo Maligna
Subungual Melanoma
Optional - Tips to Help Physicians Discuss Skin Cancer Prevention with Patients
The End
Skin Cancer Early Diagnosis Readings
The Epidemiology of Acquired Melanocytic Nevi: A Brief Review
Examining the Skin
Biopsy
Family Risk
Follow-up Examinations
Sun Avoidance in High Risk Patients
Actinic Keratosis
Dysplastic Leukoplakia
Squamous Carcinoma
Basal Cell Carcinoma
Congenital Nevi
Dysplastic (Atypical) Nevus
Superficial Spreading Melanoma
Nodular Melanoma
Lentigo Maligna and Lentigo Malignant Melanoma
Subungual Melanoma
Palmoplantar Melanoma
Mucosal Melanoma
Spitz Nevus
The End
4.0 Quiz Overview
5.0 Taking the Quizzes
Small Bowel Malignancies
Disclaimer
Small Bowel Malignancies
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options
7. Follow-Up and Surveillance
Stomach
Disclaimer
Stomach
1. Screening
2. Diagnostic and Staging Work-Up
3. Primary Surgical Therapy
4. Pathology
5. Staging
6. Treatment Options by Stage
7. Follow-Up
Testis
Disclaimer
1. Predisposing Factors/Prevention
2. Screening/Early Detection
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
5.1 Pure Seminomas
5.2 Nonseminomatous Germ Cell Tumours (With or Without Seminoma)
5.3 Recurrent Germ Cell Tumour
5.4 Non-Germ Cell Tumours
5.5 Sertoli and Leydig Cell Tumours
Follow-Up
Thymoma
Disclaimer
Thymoma
1. Demographics
2. Predisposing Factors / Prevention
3. Screening / Early Detection
4. Diagnosis
5. Staging
6. Management
Tumour Markers-Assays
AFP
PSA-Total and Free
Methotrexate (MTX)
Phenytoin (aka Dilantin or Diphenylhydantoin)
Reports
Requisition Requirements
Sample Requirements
Uterine Cervix
Disclaimer
Clinical Care Pathway
1. Predisposing Factors//Risk Factors
2. Screening/Early Detection
3. Diagnosis
4. Staging
5. Management
5.2 CIN (Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia)
5.3 Invasive Squamous Cell Carcinoma & Adenocarcinoma
5.4 Invasive Small Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma
5.5 Local or Regional Recurrence
5.6 Carcinoma of the Cervix in Pregnancy
6. Follow-up
Vagina
Disclaimer
Vagina
Diagnosis
Currently selected
Staging
Management
Follow-up
Vulva
Disclaimer
1. Diagnosis
2. Staging
3. Management
4. Follow-up
9.1 Diagnosis
Page Content
Classification Criteria
Squamous
Adenocarcinoma
Clear Cell Adenocarcinoma (post DES).
