Koilocytosis on a Pap smear is evidence of an HPV infection, but does not mean that a patient needs routine colposcopic assessment. Often this change will be in conjunction with mildly dyskaryotic cells. If the problem persists then colposcopic examination is recommended. If evidence of a clinical HPV lesion (condyloma is noted on the cervix or upper vagina) is noted, then colposcopic examination may help the assessment of the severity and location of lesions.